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newsvendor model
The newsvendor (or newsboy or single-period〔William J. Stevenson, Operations Management. 10th edition, 2009; page 581〕 or perishable ) model is a mathematical model in operations management and applied economics used to determine optimal inventory levels. It is (typically) characterized by fixed prices and uncertain demand for a perishable product. If the inventory level is , each unit of demand above is lost in potential sales. This model is also known as the ''Newsvendor Problem'' or ''Newsboy Problem'' by analogy with the situation faced by a newspaper vendor who must decide how many copies of the day's paper to stock in the face of uncertain demand and knowing that unsold copies will be worthless at the end of the day.
== History ==
The mathematical problem appears to date from 1888 where Edgeworth used the central limit theorem to determine the optimal cash reserves to satisfy random withdrawals from depositors. The modern formulation dates from a 1951 paper in Econometrica by Kenneth Arrow, T. Harris, and Jacob Marshak.〔K.J. Arrow, T. Harris, Jacob Marshak, Optimal Inventory Policy, Econometrica 1951〕
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